NARRATION
(contd from previous post)
Change of Different types of sentences from Direct speech into Indirect speech.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
While changing a sentence from Direct form of speech to Indirect form of speech or vice versa following points are to be observed.
In Direct form of speech there is a statement within the inverted commas made by the speaker usually to the person whom it is addressed. It is in the form of different types of sentences. Besides this there is a reported speech outside the inverted commas.
A sentence generally has a Subject, an Object & a Verb. A Subject or an object are usually denoted by a Noun or a Pronoun. These are represented by three forms of persons i.e. First Person, Second Person & Third Person.
- First Person is the person who is speaking or is making the statement.
First Person Singular --- I , My , Me.
First Person Plural ----- We , Our , Us.
- Second Person is the person to whom is the speaker is addressing or to whom the statement is being told.
Second Person Singular & Plural ----- You , Your , You .
- Third Person is the person except above two categories referred in the statement about whom reference is made in the speech.
Third Person Singular ---- He , His , Him OR
She , Her , Her .
Third Person Plural ----- They , Their , Them .
First Person
|
Singular
|
I
|
My
|
Me
|
Plural
|
We
|
Our
|
Us
|
|
Second Person
|
Singular & Plural
|
You
|
Your
|
You
|
Third Person
|
Singular
|
He/She
|
His/Her
|
Him/Her
|
Plural
|
They
|
Their
|
Them
|
While changing direct form of speech to Indirect form of speech :
- First Person in reported speech changes according to Subject in reporting speech.
- Second Person in reported speech changes according to object in reporting speech.
- Third Person in reported speech does not change.
First Person
|
Second Person
|
Third Person
|
Subject
|
Object
|
No Change
|
Interrogative sentences are of two types.
A. First starting with helping verbs like is, am, are, were, was, had, have, shall, will or would etc.
B. The second type of interrogative sentences are which start with words like – What,Which,Why,Who,Whose,Where,When, How and Whom etc.
While changing direct form of speech into Indirect form in case of interrogative sentences, said to is replaced by 'asked or inquired of '
Inverted commas are replaced by 'if or whether' in case of first type (A) of sentences but in case of second type of sentences (B), no word is written in place of inverted commas.
For Example :
First Form :
The stranger said to us," Have you ever been to our village?"
In this case
"said to " = asked or inquired of . " " = if or whether
The interrogative sentence in the reported speech will be changed into simple or assertive form of sentence.
It will be -- 'You have ever been to our village'
You is second person and it will change according to the subject i.e. 'us'. It will
be 'We' 'Have ' is first form of verb and it will change into second form
of verb i.e. 'had'. 'Our' is first person and it will change according to Subject i,e,
'the stranger' which is third person singular i.e. equivalent to 'He'. But 'Our' is
plural so its equivalent in third person will be 'their'.
The Indirect form of the sentence
The stranger said to us," Have you ever been to our village?"
will be
The stranger asked us if we had ever been to their village. OR
The stranger inquired of us whether we had ever been to their village.
Second Form :
The patient said to the doctor, "Why is it so that I am feeling dizzy ? What is the reason that I cannot walk even ? "
In indirect form of this sentence
said to = asked or inquired of Inverted commas will be removed without substituting any word.
The two sentences in positive form r assertive form will be
Why it is so that I am feeling so dizzy. & What the reason is that I cannot walk even.
Is = was, am = was is = was cannot = could not. I is first person It will change according to subject 'the patient' i.e. third person singular = He.
The sentence in its indirect form will be :
The patient asked the doctor why it was so that he was feeling dizzy and what the reason was that he could not walk even.
OR
The patient inquired of the doctor why it was so that he was feeling dizzy and what the reason was that he could not walk even.
Here are some sentences of this type for practice.
EXERCISE NO. 1
1. All the players said to the captain, " Are you not satisfied with the performance of the team? Do you feel that we should do more hard work to attain better results? What do you suggest in this regard ? "
Ans. All the players asked the captain if he was not satisfied with the performance of the team and if he felt that they should do more hard work to attain better results and what he suggested in that regard .
2. The inspector said to the boy," How do you dare to disobey my orders? Do you not deserve to be punished ? Do you accept your fault and are you ready to appologise ? "
Ans. The inspector asked the boy how he dared to disobey his orders and if he did not deserve to be punished and if he accepted his fault and he was ready to appologise.
3. The father said to his daughter," Where had you been for such a long time ? Why do you come home so late at night? When does your office close in the evening? Can't you return home in time ? "
The father asked his daughter where she had been for such a long time and why she came home so late at night, He asked her further when her office closed in the evening and if she couldn't return home in time,
